Lesson: The Medieval Church
Year: 7 | Subject: History | Time Allocation: 100%
Class/Set: ____________ Date/Term: ____________
LO (WALT): To analyse the social and religious influence of the Catholic Church on the lives of ordinary people in Medieval England.
Success Criteria (WILF):
- I can describe the concept of 'Doom Paintings' and their purpose for an illiterate population.
- I can explain the economic and spiritual power the Church held through tithes and the afterlife.
- I can use the PEEL structure to evaluate why the Church was the most important institution in a villager's life.
1. Starter (15%)
- Activity: The 'Authority Hierarchy' Retrieval Task.
- Recall: Display four figures: A Peasant, a Knight, a King, and the Pope. Students must rank them in order of who they believe had the most 'eternal' power.
- Discuss: Facilitate a brief class discussion on why the King might fear the Pope. Introduce the term 'Excommunication' as the ultimate threat.
2. Main Activity (70%)
Teacher Input:
- Explain: Define the Church as the centre of the Medieval world, acting as a school, hospital, and gateway to heaven.
- Model: Project an image of a 'Doom Painting' (e.g., from St Thomas’ Church, Salisbury). Use a 'See, Think, Wonder' routine to identify the imagery of Heaven and Hell.
- Demonstrate: Explicitly teach the 'Tax of Faith'. Explain that every villager paid a 'Tithe' (10% of their produce/income) to the Church, stored in huge tithe barns.
- Scaffold: Introduce the PEEL (Point, Evidence, Explanation, Link) writing frame for the final task.
Student Task:
- Analyse: Students receive a copy of a Doom Painting. They must label three features that would represent 'Heaven' and three that represent 'Hell'.
- Task A (Inference): Students write a brief caption for the painting from the perspective of a peasant who cannot read or write. Why is this painting scary?
- Task B (Structured Writing): Complete a PEEL paragraph answering the prompt: "How did the Church use fear to control people?"
- Support: Provide a word bank containing: Purgatory, Salvation, Illiterate, Tithe, and Damnation.
- Challenge: Evaluate whether a Medieval person would be more loyal to their local Priest or their King.
3. Plenary (15%)
- Check: 'The Purgatory Exit Ticket'. Students must write one 'fact' they have learned today to 'escape' the classroom (symbolising Purgatory).
- Consolidate: Reflect on the LO. Ask students: "If the Church was removed from a Medieval village, what three things would the villagers lose?"
4. Resources
- Image pack: Doom Paintings (Salisbury/Chaldon).
- PEEL writing frame handouts.
- Key term glossaries for exercise books.
- 'Tithe' simulation cards (10 items, students must surrender 1 to the 'Priest').
⚠ TEACHER’S GUIDANCE
💡 Pedagogical Insights
- The Visual Hook: Year 7 students often find the graphic nature of Doom Paintings engaging. Use this to pivot to the concept of "Visual Literacy"—the idea that in an age before mass printing, art was the primary method of state and religious control.
- Misconception Alert: Students often assume the King was the absolute ruler. It is vital to emphasise that the Church was an international superpower that could challenge royal authority.
- Oracy Opportunity: During the 'Tithe' simulation, ask students how it feels to give away a tenth of their 'harvest'. This builds empathy for the economic burden placed on the peasantry.
✅ Answer Key & Solutions
Task A (Doom Painting Inference):
- Heaven Side: Features usually include St Peter at the gates, angels, and golden light.
- Hell Side: Features include demons, cauldrons, 'The Hellmouth', and depictions of various sins (e.g., a dishonest ale-wife).
- Peasant Perspective: Students should identify that the painting served as a "silent sermon," reminding them that their actions on earth have eternal consequences.
Task B (PEEL Paragraph - Sample Model):
- Point: The Church used the fear of Hell to control the behaviour of Medieval people.
- Evidence: This is seen in Doom Paintings, which showed sinners being tortured by demons in the 'Hellmouth'.
- Explanation: Because most people were illiterate and could not read the Bible, these terrifying images were the only way they understood the afterlife. They followed the Church's rules because they were terrified of eternal pain.
- Link: Therefore, fear was a more powerful tool for control than physical laws.
The 'Odd One Out' (Starter):
- While the King is a valid answer for earthly power, the Pope is the historical 'correct' answer for supreme authority, as he represented God's will on Earth and could theoretically depose a King.